Basic Linux commands

Published by Edoardo on 30 November 202030 November 2020

In the article Basic Linux commands I’m going to share with you the main commands that will allow you to manage the operating system. The GNU/Linux OS is the most used in Enterprise environments. The Linux server operating system, in most cases, is managed from the Linux command line. You should learn all commands explained here if you want to work in ICT Industry.

So here you will find a list of main basic linux commands:

The directory management

cd <directory_name> = Command to enter a directory
cd .. = Go back one directory
cd ../ .. = Go back 2 directories
cd = Go to the home of the user you are connected with
rmdir <directory> = Delete directory only if there are no files
pwd = See the path you are in
mkdir = Create a directory
mkdir -p / path / from / create = Create all path with one command
mkfs.ext4 = Format a partition to ext4

File Management

ls = Command list. Show the files of the directory you are in
ls -ltr = Show files with relative permissions and owner, last update date and size of files present in a directory
ls -ltra = Show hidden files with the characteristics of the previous command
cp foo bar = Copy the file foo with the file bar
mv foo / tmp = Move file to directory / tmp
rm -f foo = Remove files foo
rm -fr <directory> = Delete the directory and the files inside
cat = View a complete file
grep = Search for the word
cat foo | grep hello = search the file foo for all lines with the word hello
head -50 = Display the first 50 lines of a file
tail -50f = Display the last 50 lines and see the live log
touch <filename> = Create files
./<filename> = Running a script

Utilities Management

adduser = Create a user
addgroup = Create a group
passwd = Change password
passwd oracle = Run as root we change the Oracle user password
su - = Become root user
su - oracle = Become oracle user
sudo su - oracle = Become an oracle user if you are a member of sudoers users

File System Management

df -k = Show file system size in KB
df -h = Show file system size in GB
du -ks * = Show directories with their size in KB

If you have any doubts or want to add some commands to the list, contact me privately. I will be happy to support you.

Permission and ownership

chown oracle: dba <filename> = Change the owner and group to oracle dba of a file
chmod 777 <filename> = Assign maximum permissions to a file

Network Commands

ping = Contact an ip or host name
ip addr = View network interface details
scp pippo [email protected]: / home / oracle = Copy the file pippo with the oracle user to the remote server by depositing the file in the path / home / oracle
sftp 192.168.3.10 = Connection in sftp to transfer from one server to another with the get and put commands
ssh 192.168.3.10 = Ssh connection to a Linux or Unix server

Process and Resource control

top = Process and resource monitoring
ps -ef = Process list
ps -ef | grep oracle | grep LOCAL = NO = List of oracle system user processes and processes related to application sessions
kill -9 <Processes ID> = Kills the indicated process.

To view my guides on CRS Commands click here! At this LINK, however, you will find the SQL queries Stay up to date on our activities by joining our community: Facebook Youtube Linkedin